Germanium (Ge) Lenses are available off-the-shelf with three anti-reflection coating options: 3 - 5μm for mid-infrared applications, 3 - 12μm for broadband multispectral applications, or 8 - 12μm for thermal imaging applications. Diamond-Like-Carbon (DLC) Coating is available in CRYSMIT.
Due to its high index of refraction (around 4.0 from 2 - 14μm), an anti-reflection coating is recommended on these germanium Lenses for sufficient transmission in the region of interest. Germanium is subject to thermal runaway, meaning that the transmission decreases as temperature increases. As such, these germanium Lenses should be used at temperatures below 100°C. The Knoop Hardness of germanium (780) is approximately twice that of magnesium fluoride, making it ideal for infrared applications requiring rugged optics.
Crystal Type | Cubic |
Lattice Parameter | a=5.657Å |
Transmission Band | 2-12 um |
Mohs Hardness | 6.3 |
Density | 5.33g/cm3 |
Melting Point | 937 ℃ |
Refractive Index | 4.0032 at 10.6um |
Resistivity | 5-40 ohm-cm |
Young’s Modulus | 103 GPa |
Thermal Expansion | 6.1 x10-6/℃ |
Thermal Conductivity | 167mcal /cm/s/k |
Attribute | Specification |
Dimension Tolerance(mm) | +0/-0.1 |
Thickness Tolerance(mm) | ±0.05 |
Flatness(@633mm) | λ/10 |
Surface Quality | 20/10 |
Parallelism | 30 arc sec |
Perpendicularity | 5 arc min |
How to selecting the sutiable Materials for UV and IR Applications ?
Kindly view our: " 5 Steps to Selecting the sutiable Materials for UV and IR Applications " to providing you with strategies.
What is application of Germanium lenses ?
Thermal Imaging : Germanium lenses are extensively used in thermal imaging systems. They are transparent to long-wavelength infrared radiation, allowing them to focus IR light onto a sensor or detector. Thermal cameras and imaging systems rely on Germanium lenses to capture and focus thermal radiation emitted by objects.
Aerospace and Defense : Germanium lenses find extensive use in military and aerospace applications. They are employed in missile tracking systems, surveillance systems, target acquisition, and reconnaissance systems. Germanium's ability to transmit IR radiation and withstand harsh environmental conditions makes it an ideal choice for these applications.
Spectroscopy : Germanium lenses are used in spectrometers for infrared spectroscopy. They help to focus IR light onto a sample and collect the transmitted or reflected light for analysis. Germanium lenses enable the detection and characterization of chemical compounds based on their unique infrared absorption spectra.
Medical Imaging : Infrared imaging techniques, such as thermal imaging and near-infrared (NIR) imaging, are utilized in medical applications for diagnostics and monitoring. Germanium lenses play a crucial role in capturing and focusing the IR or NIR light in these imaging systems, allowing for non-invasive imaging of tissues and detection of abnormalities.
Environmental Monitoring : Germanium lenses are used in environmental monitoring systems to measure and analyze various parameters. For instance, they are employed in atmospheric monitoring to measure the concentration of gases, pollutants, or other substances based on their IR absorption characteristics.
Industrial and Scientific Research : Germanium lenses are used in a wide range of industrial and scientific research applications. They are employed in IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, laser systems, and other analytical instruments. Germanium lenses enable the precise manipulation and analysis of IR radiation in these experimental setups.